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⚙️ Styles | AMA 10 & AMA 11 |
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📚 Sources | Websites, books, articles |
🔎 Autocite | Search by title, URL, DOI, ISBN |
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Scribbr's Citation Generator supports both AMA 10 and AMA 11 (as well as MLA, APA and Harvard). No matter what edition you're using, we’ve got you covered!
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Explanatory tips help you get the details right to ensure accurate citations.
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AMA style is a numerical citation style—it lists all your sources in a numbered reference list at the end, referring to them in the text by the relevant number.
The style, defined by the American Medical Association (AMA), is common in the field of medicine. The current rules of AMA style are explained in the AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (11th edition).
Scribbr’s free citation generator can automatically create accurate AMA style citations for a wide variety of sources.
The numbered reference list appears at the end of your text, listing full information on all the sources you’ve cited. Sources are numbered in the order in which they were first cited. Each source appears only once, even if you cited it repeatedly.
A reference entry tends to list the author, title, publisher or publication that contains the source, publication date, and URL and DOI if relevant.
The exact information included in a reference depends on what type of source you’re citing. Different information is available and relevant for different sources, and different formatting conventions (e.g., punctuation, italics, abbreviations) apply in different contexts.
You can explore the tabs below to see formats and examples for common source types.
Format | Author last name Initial(s). Page title. Website Name. Published Month Day, Year. Accessed Month Day, Year. URL. |
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Example | 1. Murphy B. 5 tips to survive first-year anatomy lessons in medical school. American Medical Association. Published August 24, 2022. Accessed September 2, 2022. https://www.ama-assn.org/medical-students/medical-school-li |
When some of the information you need for the reference is missing, you can work around this in various ways, depending on what information is not available.
Missing element | What to do | Parenthetical citation |
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No author | List the organization that published the source in the author position.
| 1. American Cancer Society Medical and Editorial Content Team. What is bone cancer? American Cancer Society. Updated June 17, 2021. Accessed September 9, 2022. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/bone-cancer/about/what-is-bone-cancer.html.
2. 5 tips to survive first-year anatomy lessons in medical school. American Medical Association. Published August 24, 2022. Accessed September 2, 2022. https://www.ama-assn.org/medical-students/medical-school-life/5-tips-survive-first-year-anatomy-lessons-medical-school. |
No date | For sources cited with a URL, just leave out the publication date, but still include an access date.
For other sources, write “date unknown” in place of the date. | 3. Murphy B. 5 tips to survive first-year anatomy lessons in medical school. American Medical Association. Accessed September 2, 2022.
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No title | Replace the title with the name of the organization responsible for the source. If this is identical to the name of the website, only write it once, in the title position. | 5. Murphy B. American Medical Association. Published August 24, 2022. Accessed September 2, 2022. https://www.ama-assn.org/medical-students/medical-school-life/5-tips-survive-first-year-anatomy-lessons-medical-school. |
AMA Citation Generator
In-text citations in AMA style consist of the number of the relevant reference entry in superscript.1 Include a citation whenever you quote or paraphrase a source
Each source has one number. If you cite the same source again later, use the same number again. When a citation number appears at the same point in the text as a punctuation mark (e.g., a period or comma), place it after the punctuation.
When you quote or paraphrase a specific part of the source, include a page number (in parentheses, preceded by “p”) or range (preceded by “pp”) to point the reader to the relevant passage.
You can also cite multiple sources at the same point in the text by combining their numbers with commas or, in the case of a range of consecutively numbered citations, with an en dash. No spaces are used between consecutive citations or within individual citations.
Example | |
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One citation, no page numbers | Feray1… |
With page number | Amine et al2(p12) … |
With page range | Kaja3 (pp12–21) … |
Multiple citations | Various studies4,6,10 … |
Range of citations | A number of sources4–7 … |
Multiple citations with page numbers | As indicated in several studies,4(p15),5–7,10(pp8–11) … |
AMA Citation Generator
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