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      Source types

      Most cited source types

      1. Webpage
        Cite a specific page from a website.
      2. Journal article
        Cite an article published in an academic journal, whether accessed through a database or in print.
      3. Book
        Cite a book, e-book, or book accessed online.
      4. Report
        Cite a report published by a government or other organization, accessed online or in print.
      5. Video
        Cite a video posted online (on YouTube, Vimeo, etc.).
      6. Online newspaper article
        Cite an article published on an online newspaper like The Washington Post.

      ChatGPT and similar platforms

      Universities and citation agencies are still figuring out if and when it's appropriate to mention ChatGPT and similar platforms in your work. There is no clear consensus yet.

      Learn more about this in our Knowledge Base

      All source types

      1. Artwork
        Cite an artwork (painting, photograph, sculpture, installation, etc.) from a museum.
      2. Blog post
        Cite a post from a blog.
      3. Book
        Cite a book, e-book, or book accessed online.
      4. Book chapter
        Cite a specific chapter of a book with separately authored chapters.
      5. Comment
        Cite an online comment (on a blog post, article, social media post, video, etc.).
      6. Conference proceeding
        Cite a conference proceeding (paper or other contribution) published in a special journal or book.
      7. Conference session
        Cite a conference session, paper presentation, or poster presentation.
      8. Dataset
        Cite a published dataset accessed online or in a database, or unpublished raw data received directly from the researcher or organization.
      9. Film
        Cite a film (movie).
      10. Forum post
        Cite a post on a forum or message board (e.g., Reddit).
      11. Image
        Cite an image accessed online or in print.
      12. Journal article
        Cite an article published in an academic journal, whether accessed through a database or in print.
      13. Online dictionary entry
        Cite an entry from an online dictionary.
      14. Online encyclopedia entry
        Cite an entry from an online encyclopedia.
      15. Online magazine article
        Cite an article published in an online magazine.
      16. Online newspaper article
        Cite an article published on an online newspaper like The Washington Post.
      17. Patent
        Cite a patent issued to an inventor by a legal authority.
      18. Podcast
        Cite a whole podcast series.
      19. Podcast episode
        Cite an episode of a podcast.
      20. Presentation slides
        Cite presentation slides accessed online or viewed in person (e.g., in a class lecture).
      21. Press release
        Cite a press release from any kind of organization, accessed online or in print.
      22. Print dictionary entry
        Cite an entry from a print dictionary.
      23. Print encyclopedia entry
        Cite an entry from a print encyclopedia.
      24. Print magazine article
        Cite an article published in a print magazine.
      25. Print newspaper article
        Cite an article published in a print newspaper.
      26. Report
        Cite a report published by a government or other organization, accessed online or in print.
      27. Social media post
        Cite a social media post (tweet, Facebook status, Instagram post, etc.).
      28. Software
        Cite a piece of specialist software used in your research.
      29. Speech
        Cite a lecture or other public speech.
      30. Thesis
        Cite a thesis or dissertation (unpublished, published online, or accessed through a database).
      31. TV show
        Cite a whole TV series.
      32. TV show episode
        Cite an episode of a TV show.
      33. Video
        Cite a video posted online (on YouTube, Vimeo, etc.).
      34. Webpage
        Cite a specific page from a website.
      35. Website
        Cite a whole website.
      36. Wiki entry (Wikipedia article)
        Cite a Wikipedia article or other wiki entry.