No Author, Date, or Title in APA Style | Formats & Examples

Webpage citations in APA Style consist of five components: author, publication date, title, website name, and URL.

Unfortunately, some of these components are sometimes missing. For instance, there may be no author or publication date. This article explains how to handle different kinds and combinations of missing information.

What’s missing? Solution
Nothing
No author Use title in place of author.
No date Use “n.d.” (“no date”) in place of date.
No title Describe the source in brackets.
No author or date Use title in place of author; use “n.d.” in place of date.
No author or title Use bracketed description in place of author.
No date or title Use “n.d.” in place of date; describe the source in brackets.
No author, date, or title Use bracketed description in place of author; use “n.d.” in place of date.

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Basic webpage citation format

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No author

APA format Page title. (Year, Month Day). Website Name. URL
APA reference entry APA citation guidelines. (2020, October 30). Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/category/apa-style/
APA in-text citation (APA Citation Guidelines, 2020)

No date

APA format Last name, Initials. (n.d.). Page title. Website Name. URL
APA reference entry Streefkerk, R. (n.d.). APA citation guidelines. Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/category/apa-style/
APA in-text citation (Streefkerk, n.d.)

No title

APA format Last name, Initials. (Year, Month Day). [Description of page]. Website Name. URL
APA reference entry Streefkerk, R. (2020, October 30). [Article about APA citations]. Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/category/apa-style/
APA in-text citation (Streefkerk, 2020)

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No author or date

APA format Page title. (n.d.). Website Name. URL
APA reference entry APA citation guidelines (n.d.). Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/category/apa-style/
APA in-text citation (APA Citation Guidelines, n.d.)

No author or title

APA format [Description of page]. (Year, Month Day). Website Name. URL
APA reference entry [Article about APA citations]. (2020, October 30). Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/category/apa-style/
APA in-text citation ([Article about APA citations], 2020)

No date or title

APA format Last name, initials. (n.d.). [Description of page]. Website Name. URL
APA reference entry Streefkerk, R. (n.d.). [Article about APA citations]. Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/category/apa-style/
APA in-text citation (Streefkerk, n.d.)

No author, date, or title

APA format [Description of page]. (n.d.). Website Name. URL
APA reference entry [Article about APA citations]. (n.d.). Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/category/apa-style/
APA in-text citation ([Article about APA citations], n.d.)

Don’t forget: Our APA Citation Generator can handle all of these exceptions for you automatically!

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This article reflects the APA 7th edition guidelines. Click here for APA 6th edition guidelines.

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Caulfield, J. (2024, January 17). No Author, Date, or Title in APA Style | Formats & Examples. Scribbr. Retrieved March 18, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/apa-examples/citing-online-sources-no-author-date-title/

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Jack Caulfield

Jack is a Brit based in Amsterdam, with an MA in comparative literature. He writes for Scribbr about his specialist topics: grammar, linguistics, citations, and plagiarism. In his spare time, he reads a lot of books.