How to cite a website in APA Style

APA website citations usually include the author, the publication date, the title of the page or article, the website name, and the URL. If there is no author, start the citation with the title of the article. If the page is likely to change over time, add a retrieval date.

If you are citing an online version of a print publication (e.g. a newspaper, magazine, or dictionary), use the same format as you would for print, with a URL added at the end. Formats differ for online videos (e.g. TED Talks), images, and dissertations.

Use the buttons below to explore the format, or use our free APA Citation Generator to automatically create citations.

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How to cite a newspaper article in APA Style

An APA Style newspaper citation includes the author, the publication date, the headline of the article, and the name of the newspaper in italics.

Print newspaper citations include a page number or range; online newspaper citations include a URL.

You can easily create citations for newspaper articles using our free APA Citation Generator.

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How to cite an image in APA Style

An APA image citation includes the creator’s name, the year, the image title and format (e.g. painting, photograph, map), and the location where you accessed or viewed the image.

APA format Last name, Initials. (Year). Image title [Format]. Site Name. or Museum, Location. URL
APA reference entry van Gogh, V. (1889). The starry night [Painting]. Museum of Modern Art, New York City, NY, United States. https://www.moma.org/collection/works/79802
APA in-text citation (van Gogh, 1889)

When you include an image or photo in your text, as well as citing the source, you must also present it as a figure and include any copyright/permissions information.

You can create your citations automatically with Scribbr’s free APA citation generator.

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How to cite a newspaper article in APA Style (6th edition)

This article reflects the APA 6th edition guidelines. Click here for APA 7th edition guidelines.

Newspaper articles are cited much like other periodical sources in APA style, with the specific publication date included if available, and the name of the newspaper written in italics.

Print newspaper citations include a page number or range; online newspaper citations include a URL.

With the APA Citation Generator, you can automatically create citations for print or online newspaper articles and build your reference list.

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How to cite a YouTube video in APA Style

To cite a YouTube video in APA Style, you include the person or organization that uploaded it, their channel name (if different from their real name), the upload date, the video title (italicized), “Video” in square brackets, the name of the site,  and a link to the video.

Note that the same format works for other video sites like Vimeo; just replace “YouTube” with the name of whatever site the video is from. APA TV show citations are different.

You can also use our free APA Citation Generator to generate YouTube citations in APA Style.

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How to cite a book in APA Style (6th edition)

This article reflects the APA 6th edition guidelines. Click here for APA 7th edition guidelines.

A book citation in APA Style always includes the author’s name, the publication year, the book title, and the publisher.

You can use our free APA Citation Generator to generate your APA book citations. Just paste the ISBN or DOI and the generator retrieves all the necessary information.

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How to cite a movie in APA Style

To cite a movie in APA Style, list its director(s) in the author position and the production company as publisher. The title is written in sentence case and italicized, followed by the label “Film” in square brackets.

The in-text citation includes the last name of the director, and the year. If you are referring to a specific quote or scene from the movie, add a timestamp to direct the reader to the relevant part.

You can also use our free APA Citation Generator to automatically cite a movie.

APA format Last name, Initials. (Director). (Year). Movie title [Film]. Production Company.
APA reference entry Scott, R. (Director). (1979). Alien [Film]. Brandywine Productions.
APA in-text citation (Scott, 1979, 0:45:14)

The citation format for TV shows is slightly different.

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Creating an APA Style table of contents (6th edition)

This article follows the guidelines of the 6th edition of the APA manual. A version updated for the 7th edition is available here.

APA Style provides various formatting guidelines for academic papers, but it does not have specific rules regarding the table of contents.

If you include a table of contents in an APA style research paper, dissertation or thesis, make sure it adheres to general APA format guidelines. You can automatically create the table of contents by applying APA heading styles in Word.

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Creating an APA Style table of contents

This article reflects the APA 7th edition guidelines. Click here for APA 6th edition guidelines.

A table of contents is not required in an APA Style paper, but if you include one, follow these guidelines:

  • Include all level 1 and level 2 headings (other levels are optional).
  • Indicate different heading levels with indents. Adhere to general APA format in terms of font, spacing, etc.

You can automatically create the table of contents by applying APA heading styles in Word.

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You can optimize your workflow by using our free APA Citation Generator, which automatically creates citations.

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How to cite a journal article in APA Style

An APA Style citation for a journal article includes the author name(s), publication year, article title, journal name, volume and issue number, page range of the article, and a DOI (if available). Use the buttons below to explore the format, or try the free APA Citation Generator to quickly and easily create citations.

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