Published on
December 7, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
December 27, 2023.
To cite a TED Talk in APA Style, the format differs slightly depending on whether you viewed it on TED’s website or on YouTube.
To cite a TED Talk from the TED site, list the speaker as author, give the date listed on the site, include “Video” in square brackets after the title, list the publisher as “TED Conferences,” and give the URL.
Sivaram, V. (2020, October). India’s historic opportunity to industrialize using clean energy [Video]. TED Conferences. https://www.ted.com/talks/varun_sivaram_india_s_historic_opportunity_to_industrialize_using_clean_energy
Published on
December 3, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
March 5, 2024.
The format for citing a song in MLA depends on the medium in which you listened to it.
To cite a song accessed through an online streaming service, list the performer (or group) as author, the song title in quotation marks, the name of the site in italics, and the URL where the song can be found. Omit “the” from a band name, e.g. “Beatles,” not “the Beatles.”
If relevant, use a timestamp to indicate a specific part of the song in the in-text citation.
MLA format
Performer last name, First name. “Song Title.” Website Name. URL.
Published on
November 20, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
March 5, 2024.
The format in which you cite an image in MLA style depends on where you viewed the image. Images are often found by searching online; in this case, you’ll cite the website where the image is hosted, in the following format.
MLA format
Creator last name, First name. “Image Title.” orDescription of image. Website Name, Day Month Year, URL.
Published on
November 12, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
December 27, 2023.
To cite an online encyclopedia entry in APA Style, start with the author of the entry (if listed), followed by the publication year, the entry title, the name of the editor, the encyclopedia name, the edition, the publisher, and the URL.
Wheeler, G. (2020). Bounded rationality. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy (Fall 2020 ed.). Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/bounded-rationality/
Published on
November 6, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
December 27, 2023.
To reference a PowerPoint presentation in APA Style, include the name of the author (whoever presented the PowerPoint), the date it was presented, the title (italicized), “PowerPoint slides” in square brackets, the name of the department and university, and the URL where the PowerPoint can be found.
You can also use our free APA Citation Generator to cite a PowerPoint presentation quickly and easily.
APA format
Author name, Initials. (Year, Month Day). PowerPoint title [PowerPoint slides]. Department Name, University Name. URL
Simonton, D. K. (2013). The mad-genius controversy [PowerPoint slides]. College of Education, University of Iowa. https://simonton.faculty.ucdavis.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/243/2015/08/IowaDeltaMadGenius.pdf
If the PowerPoint is not accessible to your readers, cite it as a personal communication instead. Note that to cite a video of a presentation (e.g. a TED Talk) or a quotation from a speech, different formats are used.
Published on
November 6, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
December 27, 2023.
A patent is a legal document acknowledging an invention as the intellectual property of its inventor. Though they fall under legal materials, references for patents follow standard APA Style, rather than the legal style used for things like court cases and laws.
To cite a patent in APA Style, list the name of the inventor, the year it was issued (in parentheses), the title of the patent (in italics), the patent number, the name of the issuing body, and the URL if available.
Our free APA Citation Generator can help you create accurate citations quickly and easily.
APA format
Inventor name, Initials. (Year). Title of patent (Country/Region Patent No. Number). Issuing Body. URL
Published on
November 6, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
December 4, 2023.
The format for citing conference papers in APA Style depends on whether the paper has been published, and if so, in what format. Note that a separate format exists for citing dissertations. You can cite a conference paper easily by using our free APA Citation Generator.
To cite a paper that has been presented at a conference but not published, include the author’s name, the date of the conference, the title of the paper (italicized), “Paper presentation” in square brackets, the name and location of the conference, and a URL or DOI if available.
APA format
Author name, Initials. (Year, MonthDay–Day). Paper title [Paper presentation]. Conference Name, City, State, Country. URL
Jang, S. (2019, August 8–11). Deconstructing the opposition of natural/arbitrary in Coleridge’s theory of language [Paper presentation]. NASSR 2019: Romantic Elements, Chicago, IL, United States.
Published on
November 6, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
December 1, 2023.
Reports may be published by governments, task groups, or other organizations. To reference a report with an individual author, include the author’s name and initials, the report title (italicized), the report number, the organization that published it, and the URL (if accessed online, e.g. as a PDF).
Bedford, D. A. D. (2017). Enterprise information architecture: An overview (Report No. WA-RD 896.4). Washington State Department of Transportation. https://www.wsdot.wa.gov/research/reports/fullreports/896-4.pdf
To cite a published interview, follow the standard format for the source type it was published in (e.g., book, newspaper). You can do this quickly and easily using our free APA Citation Generator.
Published on
November 6, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
December 27, 2023.
To reference a tweet in APA Style, include the author’s name and username, the date the tweet was posted, the text of the tweet in italics, “Tweet” in square brackets, “Twitter,” and the URL.
For tweets longer than 20 words, only include the first 20 in your reference.
Davidson, L. [@lisa_b_davidson]. (2021, March 22). Has anyone ever written about why some initials work as names in English (KC, JP, and most things followed by [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/lisa_b_davidson/status/1374036090038988802
