Published on
November 6, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
September 16, 2022.
This article reflects the APA 7th edition guidelines. Click here for APA 6th edition guidelines.
To reference a tweet in APA Style, include the author’s name and username, the date the tweet was posted, the text of the tweet in italics, “Tweet” in square brackets, “Twitter,” and the URL.
For tweets longer than 20 words, only include the first 20 in your reference.
APA format
Author name, Initials [@username]. (Year, Month Day). Text of tweet[Tweet]. Twitter. URL
Davidson, L. [@lisa_b_davidson]. (2021, March 22). Has anyone ever written about why some initials work as names in English (KC, JP, and most things followed by [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/lisa_b_davidson/status/1374036090038988802
Published on
November 6, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
June 16, 2022.
This article reflects the APA 7th edition guidelines. Click here for APA 6th edition guidelines.
Webpage citations in APA Style consist of five components: author, publication date, title, website name, and URL.
Unfortunately, some of these components are sometimes missing. For instance, there may be no author or publication date. This article explains how to handle different kinds and combinations of missing information.
Published on
November 6, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
June 16, 2022.
This article reflects the APA 6th edition guidelines. Click here for APA 7th edition guidelines.
To cite a dictionary definition in APA style, start with the word you’re citing, followed by the publication year, the dictionary name, and the publisher or URL. If there is no publication date, replace it with “n.d.” (“no date”).
APA dictionary citation example
Format
Entry name. (Year). In Dictionary name (edition). Place: Publisher or Retrieved from URL
Published on
November 6, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
March 2, 2023.
This article reflects the APA 7th edition guidelines. Click here for APA 6th edition guidelines.
When you reprint or adapt a table or figure from another source, the source should be acknowledged in an in-text citation and in your reference list. Follow the format for the source type you took the table or figure from.
You also have to include a copyright statement in a note beneath the table or figure. The example below shows how to cite a figure from a journal article.
Shi, F., & Zhu, L. (2019). Analysis of trip generation rates in residential commuting based on mobile phone signaling data. Journal of Transport and Land Use, 12(1), 201–220. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26911264
Note. From “Analysis of Trip Generation Rates in Residential Commuting Based on Mobile Phone Signaling Data,” by F. Shi and L. Zhu, 2019, Journal of Transport and Land Use, 12(1), p. 212 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/26911264). CC BY-NC.
Published on
November 6, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
December 10, 2020.
In APA Style, a personal communication is any source that is not accessible to your readers. Personal communications are cited in the text, but not included in the reference list.
Example
Another researcher stated that the results so far looked “very promising” (A. Smith, personal communication, July 15, 2015).
Published on
November 6, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
June 16, 2022.
This article reflects the APA 7th edition guidelines. Click here for APA 6th edition guidelines.
To cite a dictionary definition in APA Style, start with the author of the dictionary (usually an organization), followed by the publication year, the word you’re citing, the dictionary name, the publisher (if not already listed as author), and the URL.
Published on
November 5, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
June 16, 2022.
This article reflects the APA 6th edition guidelines. Click here for APA 7th edition guidelines.
To cite a movie in APA Style, list the film’s producer(s) and director as authors and the production studio as publisher. The title is written in sentence case and italicized, followed by the label “Motion picture” in square brackets.
The APA 6 in-text citation includes the last names of the producer(s) and the year. If you are referring to a specific quote or scene from the movie, add a timestamp to direct the reader to the relevant part.
APA movie citation
APA format
Producer Last Name, Initials. (Producer), & Director Last Name, Initials. (Director). (Year). Film title [Motion picture]. Country of origin: Studio.
Published on
November 5, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
September 6, 2022.
This article reflects the APA 6th edition guidelines. Click here for APA 7th edition guidelines.
To cite a YouTube video in APA Style, you include the video title (italicized), the channel that uploaded it, the upload date, and a link to the video.
APA YouTube citation example
Format
Uploader. (Year, Month day). Title of the video [Video file]. Retrieved from url.
Published on
November 5, 2020
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
June 16, 2022.
This article reflects the APA 6th edition guidelines. Click here for APA 7th edition guidelines.
An APA image citation includes the creator’s name, the year, the image title and format (e.g. painting, photograph, map), and the location where you accessed or viewed the image.
APA image citation example
Format
Author name. (Year). Image title [Format]. Retrieved from URL
or Museum, Location.
When you include an image or photo in your text, as well as citing the source, you also need to list it as a figure. Images you created yourself don’t have to be cited, but should still be included in the list of figures.
You can create your citations automatically with the free APA citation generator.
