Published on
September 12, 2022
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
June 1, 2023.
To cite a website or webpage in AMA citation format, you need to include the author’s name, the page title (in sentence case), the website name (title case), the URL, the publication date, and the access date.
An AMA in-text citation for a website just consists of the number of the relevant reference, written in superscript. Make sure to pay attention to punctuation (e.g., commas, periods).
AMA format
Author last name Initials. Page title. Website Name. Published Month Day, Year. Accessed Month Day, Year. URL.
Zarefsky M. What sets back care for transgender students in the exam room. American Medical Association. Published June 24, 2022. Accessed September 9, 2022. https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/population-care/what-sets-back-care-transgender-patients-exam-room.
Published on
September 11, 2022
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
June 1, 2023.
The AMA reference page appears at the end of your paper and lists full information about all the sources you cited. The heading “References” appears at the top, usually centered and bold.
The references are presented as a numbered list, appearing in the order in which they were first cited in the text.
Published on
September 9, 2022
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
June 1, 2023.
In AMA citation format, an in-text citation consists of a superscript number in the text that points the reader to the relevant reference on your numbered AMA reference page. You can also mention the author’s name in your sentence, but this is optional.
AMA references contain full information about each source, and they are numbered in the order you first cite them in the text. Each source has only one entry, so if you cite the same source repeatedly, you’ll use the same number each time.
Example: AMA in-text citationGhulam points out a major advantage of this approach.1
Published on
August 29, 2022
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
April 18, 2023.
A collective noun is a noun that refers to some sort of group or collective—of people, animals, things, etc. Collective nouns are normally not treated as plural, even though they refer to a group of something.
Collective nouns include common nouns like “group” and proper nouns like “Google” or “The Rolling Stones.”
Examples: Collective nouns in a sentenceThe party will have to rethink its strategy to win the next election.
A flock of sheep is crossing the road, delaying motorists.
The Beatles broke up when Paul McCartney quit the band.
Published on
August 24, 2022
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
April 6, 2023.
IEEE provides guidelines for formatting your paper. These guidelines must be followed when you’re submitting a manuscript for publication in an IEEE journal. Some of the key guidelines are:
Formatting the text as two columns, in Times New Roman, 10 pt.
Including a byline, an abstract, and a set of keywords at the start of the research paper
Placing any figures, tables, and equations at the top or bottom of a column, not in the middle
Following the appropriate heading styles for any headings you use
To learn more about the specifics of IEEE paper format, check out the free template below. Note that you may not need to follow these rules if you’ve only been told to use IEEE citation format for a student paper. But you do need to follow them to submit to IEEE publications.
Published on
August 22, 2022
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
February 28, 2023.
A common noun is a noun that describes a type of person, thing, or place or that names a concept. Common nouns are not capitalized unless they appear at the start of a sentence, unlike proper nouns, which are always capitalized.
Common nouns include the names of different jobs, plants and animals, geographical features, ideas, objects, and many other things. They can be concrete nouns or abstract nouns.
Examples: Common nouns in a sentenceThe cat climbed the tree in an attempt to catch a bird.
Published on
August 18, 2022
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
January 23, 2023.
A proper noun is a noun that serves as the name for a specific place, person, or thing. To distinguish them from common nouns, proper nouns are always capitalized in English.
Proper nouns include personal names, place names, names of companies and organizations, and the titles of books, films, songs, and other media.
Examples: Proper nouns in a sentenceI’ve never been to Egypt.
The Scribbr Knowledge Base is a useful educational resource.
Mr. Smith’s class is reading Much Ado About Nothing.
Her favoriteMichael Jackson song was “Human Nature.”
Published on
August 12, 2022
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
June 1, 2023.
To write an IEEE reference for a website or webpage, include the name of the author, the page title, the name of the website, the URL, and the date when you accessed it. The access date is included in case the page is changed or removed in the future.
An IEEE in-text citation consists of the same number as the relevant reference. If appropriate, you can include a paragraph number to point the reader to a specific piece of text.
P. Bhandari. “Nominal data | Definition, examples, data collection & analysis.” Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/statistics/nominal-data/ (accessed Aug. 11, 2022).
Published on
August 11, 2022
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
June 1, 2023.
To cite a journal article in IEEE citation format, include it on your numbered reference page, using the corresponding number for your in-text citation. The IEEE in-text citation includes a page number when you quote or paraphrase a specific passage.
The reference on your IEEE reference page lists the author’s initials and last name; the title of the article; the name of the journal (abbreviated); the volume, issue, page range, and publication date; and the DOI if available.
IEEE format
Author initials. Last name, “Article title,” Journal Name, vol. Volume, no. Number, pp. Page range, Month Year, DOI.
S. M. Mefire, “Static regime imaging of certain 3D electromagnetic imperfections from a boundary perturbation formula,” J. Comput. Math., vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 412–441, Jul. 2014, doi: 10.4208/jcm.1401-m4214.
Published on
July 25, 2022
by
Jack Caulfield.
Revised on
June 1, 2023.
To cite a book in IEEE citation format, include it on your numbered reference page and use the corresponding number for your in-text citation. Include a page number in the in-text citation if you quote or paraphrase a specific passage.
The reference provides the author (initials and last name), title (italicized and written in title case), publisher information, and publication date. Pay attention to punctuation (e.g., commas, colons and parentheses).
IEEE format
Author initials. Last name, Book Title, City (and state if in US), Country: Publisher, Year.
