Sitemap

Pages

• Knowledge base
• The Team
  • Partners
  • Who are Scribbr editors?
    • Becoming a Scribbr editor
      • Scribbr Application
      • Scribbr Academy
• Frequently asked questions
• Contact
• Legal
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of use
  • Privacy Policy Scribbr Academic Assistant
• Scribbr Plagiarism Checker
  • Scribbr Plagiarism Checker Guide
• Free APA Citation Generator
• Academic Proofreading & Editing services
  • Thesis Proofreading & Editing service
    • Example Proofreading & Editing
  • Proofreading & Editing Rates
  • How it works
    • Process your editor’s changes and feedback
  • Essay Editing Service
  • Scribbr Improvement Model
  • Dissertation Editing Services
  • Paper editing in Spanish, French and German
  • Read 1.459 excellent reviews and experiences from Scribbr customers!
  • Paper editing service
• Complaint procedure
• Jobs
• Status of our proofreading services
• Overview of jobs for college students
• APA Citation Generator V1
• Freelance native English editor
• Scribbr language quiz

Articles

• Research paper
  • How to write a paragraph
  • Topic sentences
  • Research paper outline
• MLA
  • How to cite a poem in MLA
  • How to cite an interview in MLA
  • How to cite a movie in MLA
  • How to create an MLA Works Cited list
  • How to cite a website in MLA
  • A complete guide to MLA in-text citations
  • How to create an MLA book citation
  • How to cite a YouTube video in MLA
  • MLA journal citation
  • MLA titles
  • The MLA author element
  • How to cite a play in MLA
  • MLA format for papers
  • MLA block quotes
• Methodology
  • Types of reliability and how to measure them
  • What is content analysis and how can you use it in your research?
  • Reliability vs validity: what’s the difference?
  • The main types of research compared
  • Internal vs external validity
  • Descriptive research
  • How to do a case study
  • Correlational research
  • How to transcribe an interview
  • Inductive vs. deductive reasoning
  • Qualitative vs. quantitative research
• Language rules
  • A quick guide to proofreading
  • Recognizing and using uncountable nouns
  • Apostrophes (’)
  • Dashes (– or —)
  • Semicolons (;)
  • Colons (:)
  • Using conjunctions
  • Commas (,)
  • Quotation marks (“”)
  • How to fix dangling and misplaced modifiers
  • Choosing the right prepositions
  • Using parallelism to write balanced sentences
  • Subject-verb agreement
  • Capitalization rules
  • Definite and indefinite articles (the/a/an)
  • Hyphens (-)
  • Common English mistakes in academic writing
  • Common word choice confusions
  • Common mistakes in sentence structure
  • Phrasal verbs
  • Parentheses ()
  • Question marks (?)
  • Common punctuation mistakes in academic writing
  • Verb tenses in academic writing
• Academic writing
  • Active and passive sentences
  • Using pronouns in academic writing
  • How to avoid repetition and redundancy
  • How to write effective headings
  • Shorten your abstract or summary
  • Punctuation in citations
  • Taboo words in academic writing
  • Capitalization in Titles and Headings
  • Write shorter sentences to clarify your dissertation
  • Writing numbers: words and numerals
  • The main differences between US and UK English
  • Language mistakes in quotes
  • Using abbreviations and acronyms
  • Common grammatical problems with clarity and logic
  • 47 phrasal verbs and their one-word substitutions
  • Word Order Rules: Adjectives
  • Word Order Rules: Adverbials
  • Word Order Rules in English
  • Exclamation points (!)
  • Forging good titles in academic writing
  • Myth: It’s an error to split infinitives
  • Myth: It’s a stylistic mistake to end a sentence with a preposition
  • Myth: Paragraph transitions should be placed at the ends of paragraphs
  • Myth: It’s incorrect to start a sentence with “because”
  • Myth: It’s incorrect to start a sentence with a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, for, nor, yet, so)
  • Writing myths: The reasons we get bad advice
  • Linking words and phrases in a dissertation
  • Avoid rhetorical questions
  • Avoid informal writing
  • Be conscious of your adverb placement
  • Use serial commas
  • Quick guide to the use of personal pronouns in academic work
• Starting the research process
  • How to create a research design
  • How to write a research proposal
  • How to write a hypothesis
  • Research question examples
  • Developing strong research questions
  • How to define your research problem
  • How to write a problem statement
  • Choosing a dissertation topic
  • Things you should avoid when writing your PhD research proposal
  • Problem statement example
  • Methodology of your dissertation
  • Relevance of your dissertation topic
• Dissertation
  • Dissertation binding and printing
  • How to write a thesis conclusion
  • How to write a discussion section
  • Dissertation table of contents
  • Dissertation acknowledgements
  • How to write an abstract
  • How to write a dissertation introduction
  • How to write a research methodology
  • How to write a literature review
  • Dissertation title page
  • Purpose and structure of an advisory report
  • Recommendations for a client
  • Dissertation results section
  • Example of a dissertation abstract
  • Conceptual framework: Control variables
  • Conceptual framework: Mediator variables
  • Conceptual framework: Moderator variables
  • Conceptual framework
  • Tips for writing an overview of your dissertation
  • Sample theoretical framework of a dissertation
  • The theoretical framework of a dissertation: what and how?
  • Figure and table lists in your dissertation
  • Example of a dissertation preface
  • Overview of thesis databases
  • Examples of prize-winning theses and dissertations
  • Glossary of a dissertation
  • List of abbreviations in the dissertation
  • Information page of the dissertation
  • Tense tendencies in theses and dissertations
  • Preface of the dissertation
  • An appendix to a dissertation
  • How to perform desk research
• Essay
  • Statement of purpose for graduate school
  • Personal statement for graduate school
  • How to write an essay introduction
  • How long is an essay?
  • How to conclude an essay
  • Thesis statement
  • The descriptive and narrative essay styles
  • Essay damage control: Managing a broken argument
  • Interactive example of a well-structured essay
  • The difference between essays and other forms of writing
  • The revision process: Fine-grained details
  • The revision process: Global concerns
  • The revision process: Looking back and moving forward
  • Academic essay writing checklist
  • The writing process: Generating ideas for your topic
  • Organizational templates for academic essays
  • Organizational tips for academic essays
  • Transitions in academic essays
  • Kinds of argumentative academic essays and their purposes
  • Tips on working through the body of an academic essay
• Tips
  • How to make and sell study notes
  • Is professional proofreading allowed at a US university?
  • Use these checklists to improve your thesis or dissertation
  • Tables in your dissertation
  • Dissertation layout and formatting
  • Email contact with your dissertation supervisor
  • Sample emails to your dissertation supervisor
  • How do you incorporate an interview into a dissertation?
  • How do you determine the quality of a journal article?
  • How do you read a scientific article?
  • Influential academic journals
• APA Style
  • APA reference page
  • APA in-text citation
  • How to format an APA abstract
  • How to format and insert the APA running head
  • APA title page (cover page)
  • APA format for academic documents
  • Citing internet sources with no author, date or title according to the APA style
  • Using tables and figures from other sources in the APA style
  • Citing indirect sources according to the APA Style
  • How to use APA style abbreviations in your dissertation
  • APA headings and subheadings
  • Alphabetizing the reference list according to the APA rules
  • Exceptions to citing in-text according to the APA rules
  • Intranet sources according to the APA Style
  • Quoting according to the APA rules
• APA citation examples
  • APA journal citation
  • Example of APA Style: Scientific (journal) article for publication
  • Example of APA Style: Survey
  • Example APA Style: Patent
  • Example APA Style: Conference paper
  • Example APA Style: Press release
  • Example APA Style: Oration
  • Example APA Style: Commercial Radio/TV
  • Example APA Style: Radio/Tv-show
  • Example APA Style: Forum post
  • Example APA Style: Dissertation of another student
  • Example APA Style: Statistic database
  • Example APA Style: Wikipedia
  • Example APA Style: Apps
  • Example APA Style: Software
  • How to cite a YouTube video | APA Style
  • How to cite a movie in APA
  • Example APA Style: Dictionary
  • Example APA Style: Twitter
  • Example APA Style: Personal communication
  • Example APA Style: Facebook
  • Example APA Style: Photo/ Image
  • Example APA Style: PDF-document
  • Example APA Style: Internal documents (Intranet)
  • Example APA Style: Lecture slides/ handouts
  • Example APA Style: Report
  • Example APA Style: Newspaper article (offline)
  • Example APA Style: Interview
  • Example APA Style: Blendle-article/ Newspaper article (internet)
  • How to create an APA book citation
  • Example APA Style: Internet article
• Citing sources
  • Chicago Style Citation
  • What is a DOI?
  • Chicago style citations examples
  • List of credible sources for research
  • How to use footnotes and endnotes
  • CRAAP test: evaluating source credibility
  • Primary and secondary sources
  • How to cite Wikipedia
  • In-text citation in APA, MLA and Chicago
  • When and how to summarize sources
  • How to block quote: a step-by-step guide
  • How to paraphrase sources
  • How to quote a source
  • Citation styles guide | Which citation style to use?
• Plagiarism
  • Free plagiarism checker comparison
  • Common knowledge: to cite or not to cite?
  • The best plagiarism checkers of 2019 [in-depth comparison]
  • What are the consequences of plagiarism in college?
  • What is self-plagiarism and how to avoid it?
  • Types of plagiarism
  • How to avoid plagiarism